[網路文章的真實性(一)] Jukes-Edward 家族的調查結果

成績好的人未必能飛黃騰達，飛黃騰達的人未必能幸福快樂。
教育可以改變人的未來，信仰可以影響人的生命，有甚麼樣的父母會教養出甚麼樣的孩子。
這是我對Jukes-Edward 這本書做的短評。



最近讀了一本兩百多年前多版的書"Jukes-Edward"，書中提到兩個家族兩百多年的家族變化史，比較網路上的中文版文章(關鍵字 Jukes, 903)，發現引用的數字有諸多錯誤。
在整本書中，找不到903 這個數字。
因此我做了下面簡單的比較表，如果下次要引用這本書的數據，請參考這篇文章，不要直接在網路上複製貼上了。
如果哪裡漏掉了，也請回覆給我。

電子書"Jukes-Edward "原文出處:
https://archive.org/details/jukesedwards15623gut

綜合兩個家族的成員分析產生了統計學上常提到的常態分布 (normal distribution).

尤克斯(Jukes)家族成員有誤的網路文章 (四個部分寫錯，三個數據為提及)

人口總數：903人，其中有： 310位流氓，130位坐牢13年以上，7位殺人犯，100位酒徒，60位小偷，190位妓女，20名商人，其中有10名是在監獄學會經商的。

尤克斯(Jukes)家族成員	網路上文章的數字 (Google search key words: Jukes, 903)	書中內容的數字	原文
調查人口數	903	1200	He traced in part others, which carried the number up to 1,200 persons of the family of the Jukes
流氓	310	310	310 of the 1,200 were professional paupers
坐牢(罪犯)	130	130	There were 130 criminals who were convicted more or less often of crime
殺人犯	7	7	There were seven murderers
酒徒	100	N/A
小偷	60	60	Sixty were habitual thieves who spent on the average twelve years each in lawless depredations
妓女	190	50	There were fifty women who lived lives of notorious debauchery
商人	20	20	Only twenty of the 1,200 learned a trade, and ten of those learned it in the state prison
死於嬰孩時期	N/A	300	Three hundred of the 1,200, or one in four, died in infancy from lack of good care and good conditions
作惡因而英年早逝	N/A	400	Four hundred men and women were physically wrecked early by their own wickedness
惡性病變	N/A	440	Of the Jukes, 440 were more or less viciously diseased

愛德華茲(Edward)家族成員有誤的網路文章 (四個部分寫錯，三個數據為提及)

人口數：1394人，其中有： 100位大學教授，14位大學校長，70位律師，30位法官，60位醫生，60位作家，300位牧師、神學家，3位議員，一位副總統。

愛德華茲(Edward)家族成員	網路上文章的數字 (Google search key words: Jukes, 903)	書中內容的數字	原文
調查人口數	1394	1394+	or by at least 1,394 of the other members of the family of Mr. Edwards
大學教授	100	100+	They have not only furnished thirteen college presidents and a hundred and more professors
大學校長	14	13	They have not only furnished thirteen college presidents and a hundred and more professors
律師	70	100+	a great array of more than 100 lawyers
法官	30	30	thirty judges
醫生	60	N/A
作家	60	N/A
牧師/神學家	300	100+	while the Edwards family has more than a 100 clergymen, missionaries, and theological professors
議員	3	3	three have been United States senators
副總統	1	1	one vice-president of the United States
公職人員	N/A	80+	Not one of the Jukes was ever elected to a public office, while more than eighty of the family of Jonathan Edwards have been especially honored
大學畢業生	N/A	285	Among the 285 college graduates of the Edwards family …
軍人	N/A	75	there were seventy-five officers in the army and navy from the family of Mr. Edwards